Open floor support plate and closed floor support plate are two commonly used floor forms in building structures.

开口楼承板指的是具有开启的孔洞或楼梯口的楼板，而闭口楼承板则是没有开口的整体楼板。

An open floor support plate refers to a floor slab with open holes or stairwells, while a closed floor support plate is an integral floor slab without openings.

它们的区别主要体现在以下几个方面：

Their differences are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

结构形式：开口楼承板需要考虑楼梯、电梯等的布置和结构连接，因此在设计上需要增加相应的支撑和加强措施，以保证整体结构的稳定性。而闭口楼承板则更加简单，只需要考虑自身的荷载传递和抗弯承载能力。

Structural form: The layout and structural connection of stairs, elevators, etc. need to be considered for the opening floor support plate. Therefore, corresponding support and strengthening measures need to be added in the design to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The closed floor support plate is simpler, only considering its own load transfer and bending bearing capacity.

施工难度：开口楼承板由于存在开口，施工过程中需要额外的模板支撑和操作，工艺较为复杂，对施工技术要求较高。而闭口楼承板则施工相对简单，不需要额外的模板支撑和操作。

Construction difficulty: Due to the presence of openings in the opening floor support plate, additional formwork support and operation are required during the construction process, resulting in complex processes and high requirements for construction technology. The construction of the closed floor support plate is relatively simple and does not require additional formwork support and operation.

功能需求：选择开口楼承板还是闭口楼承板，取决于具体的功能需求。如果楼板需要设置楼梯、电梯通道等开口，那么就需要选择开口楼承板。如果楼板没有特殊的开口需求，只需满足正常的荷载传递功能，那么闭口楼承板即可满足要求。

Functional requirements: Choosing between open or closed floor support panels depends on the specific functional requirements. If the floor needs to have openings for stairs, elevator passages, etc., then it is necessary to choose the opening floor support plate. If the floor slab does not have special opening requirements and only needs to meet the normal load transfer function, then the closed floor support plate can meet the requirements.

需要选择哪种楼承板取决于具体的设计和使用需求，包括建筑用途、结构形式、荷载要求、施工条件等综合考虑因素，并根据相关设计规范来进行选择和设计。在实际工程项目中，通常由设计师或结构工程师根据具体情况进行评估和选择。

The type of floor support plate to choose depends on specific design and usage requirements, including comprehensive considerations such as building purpose, structural form, load requirements, construction conditions, etc., and is selected and designed according to relevant design specifications. In actual engineering projects, professional designers or structural engineers usually evaluate and select based on specific situations.